These are musicals that have opened on Broadway in the last 12 months, are still running and should be available in the new year.

DEAR EVAN HANSEN
Music, lyrics, Benji Pasek, Justin Paul; book, Steven Levenson; scenery, David Kirins; costumes, Emily Rebholz; lights, Japhy Weidman; sound, Nevin Steinberg; projections, Peter Nigrini; choreography, Danny Mefford; direction, Michael Greif

I have friends who savor works of coming-of-age and teenage angst; I run the other direction. At the opening of DEAR EVAN HANSEN, I groaned and was not engaged. Fortunately, for me, the musical quickly made a right turn into other subjects of immediate currency and relevance: truth, lies, and social media.

Timid, shy, lonely Evan Hansen, on the advice of his psychologist, writes himself a letter of encouragement every day. It starts, “Dear Evan Hansen.” His latest letter is stolen by the high school bully Connor and tucked away in his pocket. The next day Connor commits suicide and his parents, finding the letter, assume that Evan is Connor’s closest friend. Not wanting to disappoint the parents and give them more grief, Evans goes along with the deception. It soon spins out of control as everyone assumes that poor lonely Evan was attempting to befriend poor disturbed Connor. Evan becomes a viral hero. By the end we see Evan, his letter, and Connor’s suicide all being used by various individuals to further their own point-of-view. Fortunately Justin Paul has steered clear of a sentimental ending. It is made clear that none of them make it through without consequences: some relationships are ruined; others are made stronger. It is implied that everyone involved will move on, heal and be wiser, maybe.

The score is wonderful, full of memorable songs, soft, reflective ballads with guitar and strings accompaniment.

It is a relatively simple set of sliding panels with projections designed to look like the glossy liquid screens of laptops, tablets and cell phones.

The story is multilayered with characters of much depth, and the production has a cast equal to the task. Michael Grief has superbly directed it as he did previous productions of Rent, Grey Gardens and Next to Normal.

DEAR EVAN HANSEN is something of an aberration from contemporary musicals. It is not an adaptation of, derived from, or inspired by…it is an original unto itself.

P.S. See article about a mother’s reaction to the musical: Susanna Schrobsdorf, “The Pursuit of Happyish; Dear Evan Hansen,” thanks for finding us. We’ve been waiting for a musical like you.” TIME, March 20, 2017.
 
A BRONX TALE
Music, Alan Menken, lyrics, Glenn Slater, Book, Chazz Palminteri, based on the play by Palminteri. Scenery, Beowulf Boritt, Costumes, William Ivey Long, Lighting, Howell Brinkley, sound, Gareth Dowen, choreography, Sergio Trujillo, direction, Robert De Niro, Jerry Zaks.         
       
A Bronx Tale, taken from a 1989 solo play by Palminteri, was made into a movie with Palminteri and Robert De Niro directed by De Niro. It is loosely based on Palminteri’s  upbringing in an Italian-American enclave in the Bronx. A nine-year old boy Calogero witnesses a shooting but refuses to identify the shooter to the police. As he grows into a teenager, he more and more comes under the influence of Sonny (the shooter), the neighborhood boss. The story ensues into a battle for Calogero’s soul between his father and Sonny. Act II develops into an outright steal from West Side Story: Calogero falls in love with Jane who happens to be black. In that neighborhood in the 1960s the Italian and black population did not mix.
         
The story is narrated by an older Calogero who moves in and out of the stage action to assume the role as the teenager while transitions are made by a wonderfully smooth male quartet.. Some of the roles border on stereotyping, but the commitment of the cast makes the character believable and engaging. The story and acting captured well the milieu and the people who inhabit it.
         
With a mixture of doo wop, Motown, early rock and roll and Broadway balladry, the music is a throw back for Menkin to his early period of Little Shop of Horror. A  Bronx Tale, harkening to the Broadway musicals of an earlier era, markets itself as Jersey Boys meets West Side Story.
 
SWEENEY TODD: THE DEMON BARBER OF FLEET STREET
Music, lyrics, Stephen Sondheim; book, Hugh Wheeler, from an adaptation by Christopher Bond.
Scenery, costumes, Simon  Kenny; lighting, Amy Mae, choreography, Georgina Lamb, direction, Bill Buckhurst. Production originally presented by the Tooting Arts Club, London at Harrington’s Pie and Mash Shop.
           
Technically this is not a Broadway production, but it can hold its own in this grouping in interest and quality.
The Barrow Street Theatre is a black box space with a balcony on one wall of the theatre. We have seen it in many configurations through the years. Whereas the London  production of this particular Sweeney Todd was actually presented in a pie shop, Barrow Street Theatre has been transformed into a dingy pie shop. It is an immersive  production. The 130 members of the audience (it is sold out for most performances) sit at long communal dining tables in front of which are a bar and a staircase. The performers play all over the space in the aisles around the tables and between them and sometimes on top of the tables. At the intermission the audience is asked to go to the lobby. When they return, all the tables have been given checkered tablecloths and other items have been added to spruce up the now affluent pie shop.

Twelve cast members cover all the roles with only Todd and Lovett covering one role. All were strong actors and adequate-to-strong singing voices. They also played a mean percussion with cutlery.

The orchestra numbers three players who play piano, violin and clarinet. It’s surprising the sound that can be derived with just those instruments.

Opening night for this production was March 1. It was just announced that it had made back its 1.22 million investment and is now slated to run until May.
 
COME FROM AWAY
Music, lyrics, book, Irene Sankoff, David Hein. Scenery, Beowulf Boritt; costumes, Toni-Leslie James, lights, Howell Binkley, sound, Gareth  Owen, musical staging, Kelly  Devine, direction, Christopher Ashley.

On September 11, 2001 when the U.S. declared itself a no-fly zone, 38 planes bound for the U.S. with 6,579 passengers were forced to land in Gander, Newfoundland, a small town of 7,000 on the far eastern edge of North America. This is a musical about those four days. It was totally created by a Canadian husband and wife team. Come From Away was developed at the Canadian Music Theatre Project and Goodspeed Musicals’ Festival of New Artists.

The cast of 12 play multiple roles but combine to present a truly ensemble feel. Almost all the songs, even when starting as solo, end up being ensemble numbers. All the transitions are handled with remarkable ease, from narration to character scenes to solo singing to ensemble to movement to dance. The cast expresses the varied feelings resulting from the emergency landings, the agitation of the citizens arranging for food and lodging, people learning of the death of loved ones, to become narrators to link the stories. On stage is a band that plays folksy and lilting Gaelic music.

The set is gorgeous in its simplicity: the up stage wall is strips of barn wood slats that hide openings that become entrances/exits. Around the edges right and left are bare tree trunks that reach up to the sky, no tops visible. The center of the stage is a turntable covered with a few tables and chairs. Everything keeps constantly turning and shifting to give a new perspective of the groupings.

Kendra Kassebaum, an MSU alumna, had been in the production since its original production on the west coast. She left in August to return to her home in Seattle to start rehearsals for a new production of Ragtime cast as the Mother.

In the playbill is an insert card for the show that says on the back: “A True Story. To create Come From Away, writers Irene Sankoff and David Heil collected hundreds of hours of interviews with the locals in Newfoundland, as well as the passengers who were stranded there during that fateful week.  These stories inspired the show you’re about to experience here tonight, distilled into 100 minutes, and performed by a cast of 12 representing nearly 16,000 people.” It was a truly enjoyable and moving time.
 
THE BAND’S VISITMusic, lyrics, David Yazbek, book, Itamar Moses; based on the screenplay by Eran Kolirin; sets, Scott Pask; costumes, Sarah Laux; lights, Tyler Micoleau; projections content, Maya Cirrocchi; projections system, Five OHM; choreography, Patrick McCollum; movement, Lee Sher; direction, David Cromer. An Atlantic Theater Company production.

My favorite of the group is The Band’s  Visit. We saw it last year downtown at the Atlantic Theatre Company’s Lindia Gross Theatre. In November 2017 it opened in a Broadway theatre and received glowing notices.

From Dear Evan Hansen to The Band’s Visit is to go from one end of the technology spectrum to the other. Hansen is flashy, fast, busy, always moving, full of technological wonderment. Visit is melancholy, wistful, unhurried, sad and sweet.

In 1996 the seven members of the Alexandria Ceremonial Police Orchestra come from Egypt to play at the opening of an Arab Culture Center in the Israeli city of Petah Tivah, near Tel Aviv. Unfortunately because they speak no Hebrew they get on a bus to Bet Hatikvah (fictional) a desolate city in the middle of the southern desert. By the time the mistake is discovered, the bus is gone. It only comes once a day. They are stranded in a town with no hotel and only one small restaurant. The locals take them in. Awkwardly the locals and guests find their common ground in music. In simplicity the scenes play out as the members of each group try to accommodate each other.

The curtain opens, and seven men dressed in band uniforms of powder-room blue march on. You never have to wonder who is a band member and who are the locals. They will never blend in color.

I have now seen four musicals with music by David Yazbek: Women on the  Verge of a Nervous Breakdown, Dirty Rotten Scoundels and The Full Monty. I have no idea what his music sounds like. He completely creates a world and inhabits it with a sound that belongs there and nowhere else, that I cannot identify what is “his sound/style.” The music here is plaintive, wistful, and absolutely gorgeous. Throughout he has used mid-Eastern instruments and sounds. A small orchestra sits in the up left stage corner. When called for, the band members (ensemble or solo) play on stage.

Much of the cast from the downtown production transferred to the Broadway one, and they are all strong. Tony Shalhoub has never had so much downtrodden dignity. Katrina Lenk, the owner of the restaurant, is physically gorgeous and with a voice that matches. Fortunately she has three solos in which one can luxuriate in her sound and in her acting that completely catches the character.

David Cromer is a superb director. He somehow manages to turn a work so that it comes at you in a totally unexpected way. In his production of Our Town it started with its usual barren stage except the ladder in the middle; however, when Emily returns to the living with Mama preparing breakfast, suddenly a completely realistic set appears even down to smell of bacon wafting through the theatre. In The Band’s Visit he often starts scenes off to the side or in a corner with the rest of the stage bare; just as this desolate small village is in the midst of the vastness of the desert.

The creation of and the playing of music begin to move the scenes toward center and move people together. The scenes are quiet and intimate, and it is heartwarming to see the friendship developing between the characters. The distrust that they had at first for each other disappears.

After the company has taken the curtain call, the on-stage musicians and off-stage musicians all come together and break into a joyous jam session that lasts ten minutes or so.

 “Nothing is as beautiful as something you don’t expect” says one of the characters near the end of the play. So was this whole experience.  As I walked out of the theatre onto 20th Street, I could have easily floated up to 47th Street to the hotel.

Ben Brantley in his pick for Theatre 2017 wrote:
“THE BAND’S VISIT. Pretty close to perfection, and of a subtlety seldom seen in Broadway musicals. David Yazbek and Itamar Moses’s delicate story of Egyptian musicians stranded for one uneventful night in an Israeli desert town, directed by David Cromer, maps the common ground of longing and loss among disparate souls who almost — and there’s such sweet, sad beauty in that ‘almost’ — connect.”
 
Both Come From Away and The Band’s Visit share story lines and themes. In a time when we seem to be building walls and barriers from strangers and locally becoming more tribal, these two musicals depict a different picture. Both involve strangers who suddenly find themselves in locations that they did not expect and the reactions of the locals who shelter them. Through music the disparate groups find a common ground and way to bond.
 
Into this category also go:
 
ANASTASIA
Music, Stephen Flaherty; lyrics, Lynn Ahrens; book, Terrence McNally.


HELLO, DOLLY
Music, lyrics, Jerry Herman; book, Michael Stewart. In January, Bernadette Peters and Victor Garbor take over the lead roles.
 
If you are going to New York in the next few months, please consider these suggestions.

Driving Miss Daisy was inspired by Alfred Uhry’s grandmother, his father, and her black chauffeur. After she had a car accident, she had to give up driving and for the next 25 years she had the same chauffeur. It is the first of a trilogy of plays that Uhry wrote using historic moments in the history of Atlanta as a lynch pin. Daisy includes the 1958 bombing of the Temple and the dinner honoring Martin Luther King after he won the Nobel Prize for Peace. The second one is The Last Night of Ballyhoo (1996) about a Jewish family at the world premiere of Gone With the Wind in 1939. The third, the story of the 1915 lynching of Jewish Leo Frank, is the material for Parade (1998) that became a musical. Jason Robert Brown wrote the music.

Before the trilogy was written, Alfred Uhry had written the book for The Robber Bridegroom (1975) produced by SCT last spring. Uhry has been awarded these prizes: Pulitizer Prize for Drama, Driving Miss Daisy (1988); Oscar Academy Award for Writing Adapted Screenplay, Driving Miss Daisy (1989); Tony Award for Best Play, The Last Night of Ballyhoo (1997); Tony Award for Best Book of a Musical, Parade (1999).

Driving Miss Daisy opened in April 1987 produced by Playwrights Horizon. It became so successful that Playwrights Horizon moved it to another 42nd Street off-Broadway theatre, the John Houseman. After a total of 1,195 performances it closed in June 1990. The original cast at Playwrights Horizon was Dana Ivey, Morgan Freeman, Ray Gill. Morgan Freeman played Hoke in the film. For once, one could not complain about Hollywood’s casting choices. Jessica Tandy, one of the finest actresses of her time, played Daisy. She won an Oscar for her portrayal. Dan Aykroyd played the son.

In October 2010 a Broadway production was mounted with Vanessa Redgrave, James Earl Jones and Boyd Gaines. It was a limited run but was extended to April 2011. In September 2011 the same cast opened a production in London’s West End that played until December 2011. In February to June 2013, the production toured Australia with Angela Lansbury playing the role of Daisy. While on that tour, it was filmed and later shown on PBS.

At the time she won the Oscar in 1989, Jessica Tandy was 80, the oldest person ever to win the award for acting.  When she did the Australian tour, Lansbury was 88. The original Miss Daisy, Dana Ivey, was a mere baby at 46. Redgrave was 73. Morgan Freeman was only 50 when he first portrayed the role. James Earl Jones was 79 when he played the role on Broadway. When they first meet, the characters are ages, Daisy, 72 and Hoke, 60. The play spans 25 years. The last scene is Hoke visiting Daisy in a nursing home.

To see either Vanessa Redgrave or James Earl Jones on stage was an opportunity not to be missed, but to see them together brought untold riches. Watching the sparring, the give and take, the deepening of their relationship, and the chemistry between two consummate actors was a master class in itself. In the New York Times, Ben Brantley called them, “giants still walk that tired, old corner of the earth called Broadway.”

James Earl Jones made a fascinating acting choice at the top of the play. He knew his resonant booming voice (think Darth Vader) would not work for Hoke. In the opening scene, Hoke is being interviewed by Boolie as to his suitability to be a chauffeur for his Mother Daisy Werthan. In the first few lines Jones’s voice booms out as we all know it. He stops, reins in his voice and changes his physicality to slight hunch, and later moves in  a slight shuffle. He is in front of a white man in 1948 South. Jones knew the attitude and sound that he must adopt for Hoke.

Vanessa Redgrave, with a back ramrod straight and unbending mien and dictatorial manner of the grade-school teacher she had been, created a woman frightened by her approaching aging and need to depend on others. Her gait was sharp and angular. In a series of vignettes their growing interdependence deepens and enriches each.

The vocal timbre and dynamics were fascinating. The Miss Daiseys I had seen previously were violins (as is Angela Lansbury later seen in the role). Redgrave is a cello. Jones is a bass or maybe double bass. What beautiful music these giants created.
​
Previously Springfield Little Theatre produced Driving Miss Daisy with Karen Malone Luna playing the title role.

In Summer 1974 Lou Schaeffer and I were in London seeing such theatre productions as Claire Bloom in A Streetcar Named Desire, Derek Jacobi in Shakespeare’s Pericles, Coward’s Design for Living with Vanessa Redgrave and John Stride, Billy, a musical, with Michael Crawford (long before Phantom), British National Theatre productions at the Old Vic (waiting for the new home to be finished), Royal Shakespeare Company productions at its London home, the Aldwych Theatre on the Strand. We kept hearing about this production at a theatre way down in Chelsea titled The Rocky Horror Show.

We took the underground to Sloane Square and then walked south on Kings Road for a dozen or more blocks to Kings Road Theatre, a converted cinema house. It was a musical, outrageous, funny, sexually ambiguous, very English. It borrowed cross-dressing from the pantos, although the pantos never saw this kind of cross-dressing. From the English Music Hall it borrowed audience response and participation and many double entendres, mostly sexual in nature flaunting the sexual revolution of the 1960s.  It was high camp. As with Hair it refused to stay on stage, playing throughout the house, up and down the aisles, crawling over and through the audience. The audience loved it. Altogether it was to run over seven years in London.

The Rocky Horror Show is by Richard O’Brien, music, lyrics and book. O’Brien was an actor who had been the London productions of Hair and briefly in Jesus Christ Superstar directed by Jim Sharman. O’Brien showed his unfinished script to Sharman who decided that it should be produced in the sixty-seat Upstairs Theatre at the Royal Count Theatre. In 1973 when it finished its sold-out run at the Royal Court, it moved first to Chelsea Classic Cinema, then to the Kings Road Theatre with 500 seats.

O’Brien loved the sci fi/horror flicks of the 1930s, 40s, 50s. Over one winter while out of work he composed the musical, both as a homage and parody of those films.  He set it in the London glam rock period of the 1960s-70s. The music was contemporary glam rock. Jonathan King, a record producer, saw the second performance and immediately secured the recording rights, rushed the cast into the studio and quickly released the record to become a hit across the UK.

Lou Adler, an American record producer, saw a performance in the winter of 1973 and immediately secured the American producing rights. He opened the first American production in 1974 in Los Angeles where it ran for nine months. He closed it to open the Broadway production but allowed the cast to return to England for the filming of the show in fall 1974.

Actor Tim Curry knew O’Brien as they had been in the London production Hair. Curry ran into O’Brien one day he told him that his musical was being produced the Royal Court and that he should contact Sharman about a role. He was cast as Dr. Frank N. Furter. He remained in the London Production until he came to Los Angeles to be in that production. He and many others of the London cast were in the film but Adler insisted that Americans Susan Sarandon and Barry Bostwick play the two innocents.
 
In 1975 just before the film was released the Broadway production opened at the Belasco Theatre with Tim Curry as the lead. It lasted for three previews and 45 performances. For the mid-1970s The Rocky Horror Show was not an uptown Broadway show, even if at a theatre on the wrong side of the tracks, i.e., east of Broadway; just as it was not a London West End show. The audience for The Rocky Horror Show was downtown. For the downtown people this was still the era of never trust anyone over 30 and anything above 14th Street.

Later that fall the movie The Rocky Horror Picture Show opened. At the Waverly Theatre on 6th Avenue below 14th Street, it made history. (This is the Waverly Theatre referred to in Hair in the song “Frank Mills.”) The movie house stayed crowded, and a new tradition was created. At the weekend midnight showings the crowd assembled in appropriate costumes and joined in singing all the songs along with the movie and mimicking the favorite lines. From Greenwich Village the event spread across America. From the momentum of the film’s popularity theatre productions also spread across the country. The show became a cultural phenomenon

This is SCT’s third production of The Rocky Horror Show. The first in 2001 had Andrew Call as Rocky. Since moving to New York, Call has now appeared in more than a half dozen Broadway productions with the most recent being Groundhog Day: the Musical. The second production of TRHS was in 2010. My guess is the fourth should appear about 2025.

David Lindsay-Abaire is one of those American playwrights, still under age 50, whose plays began to appear toward the end of the last century. Fuddy Mears was his first success and was produced by Manhattan Theatre Club in 1999. Rabbit Hole is his best known work being produced on Broadway in 2006 and won the 2007 Pulitizer Prize for Drama. Springfield Contemporary Theatre has presented both of these plays: Fuddy Mears in 2007 and Rabbit Hole in 2011 also in conjunction with Resident Artist Ensemble.

​In Good People Lindsay-Abaire returns home to Boston South. He was born David Abaire in 1969 (he attached Lindsay when he married the actress Chris Lindsay in 1994) and was raised there. Boston South, or Southie, has become a known setting through the films Good Will Hunting, The Town and the novels of Dennis Lehane. It is as distinctive as the Mississippi of Carson McCullers and Eudora Welty. It is a neighborhood of narrow streets and small houses jammed together on a peninsula jutting into Boston Harbor. Until recently it was mainly populated with Irish Catholic working class. Abaire escaped from there by winning a Boston Boys and Girls scholarship to the exclusive prep school Milton Academy. It was at Milton that he began acting in and writing plays.  He was then able to attend Sarah Lawrence College and finally studied playwriting at Julliard School of Drama with Marsha Norman.

Good People is his first play to explore the neighborhood in which he grew up and to feature a character, like him, who moved away, became a success, and now lives in a different affluent and social world. The play raises the intriguing questions of belonging and identity: how much is a person defined by geography and how much by upbringing, education, profession and choice of friends. 

The opening two scenes introduce us to the people of Southie: Irish, Catholic, blue collar, stubborn and independent. Margie (pronounced with a hard g) is fired from her job for her continual tardiness. She needs a job to support herself and her developmentally disabled daughter. With the encouragement of her friends, she decides to look up a successful medical doctor who was briefly a boyfriend in their high school days. What follows is a comedy, a study in class differences, and a drama of why can some individuals escape from their backgrounds to become successes and others remain mired in their environment. The play is spot on and specific in the characters and their surroundings, but it is, also, a picture of the America we inhabit today: a country divided by class, wealth and race. It is a well plotted play that seldom shows the twists that are coming and keeps shifting the alliance of the audience with various characters.
 
 
JUKE BOX MUSICALS
 
Mamma Mia! Music, lyrics, Benny Andersson and Bjorn Ulvaeus; book, Catherine Johnson. Springfield Little Theatre opens a production at the Landers Theatre on September 15.

Mamma Mia is a collection of songs composed by and performed by ABBA, a Swedish performance group. The songs were originally independent entities and not part of a story. A juke box musical is a work that draws together music/songs and puts them into a contexualized dramatic situation. The English producer Judy Craymer commissioned writer Catherine Johnston to develop a book for the songs of ABBA. She worked closely with Andersson and Ulaeus to devise Mamma Mia, using one of ABBA’s songs as the title. The original production opened in London in 1999 and is still running today.

Juke Box musicals may be a recent term, but the form is an old one. In the 18th century pasticcio was a term applied to an opera or other musical work in which most, if not all, music/songs were derived from different composers or a single composer to be given in a new dramatic context. George F. Handel was famous for borrowing from himself. Weiner Blut (Viennese Blood or Viennese Spirit) first performed in 1899 is attributed to Johann Strauss II, but he took no actual part in the composition. The operetta drew on earlier music of Strauss and took its title from one of his waltzes. He had died five months before the premiere.

What is the difference between a juke box musical and a musical revue. It is mainly the dramatic context. A revue usually has little or no story line. Ain’t Misbehaving (songs of Fats Waller), Beehive (songs of the 60s), Jerry’s Girls (songs of Jerry Herman) are examples of revues. Jersey Boys (songs of Frankie Vallie and the Four Seasons), Beautiful (songs of Carol King), An American in Paris (music of George Gershwin), All  Shook Up (songs of Elvis Presley) are examples of juke box musicals. The distinction is a line in the sand.

In the 1950s British critics coined the term  “kitchen sink drama” to describe the plays that were being written by the “angry young men” who were rebelling against the established playwrights who were favorites with the public. John Osborne’s 1956 Look Back in Anger is usually regarded as the first entry in the new drama, characterized as about the gritty lives of the working-class characters doing mundane domestic duties such as washing dishes in a broken down sink.  No polite talk, refined vocabulary and genteel manners. In the new plays the characters threw objects, shouted at each other, and eventually broke the boundaries of proper language.

Kitchen sink drama should be regarded as a sub species of the family drama that held sway not only in Britain but also especially in the United States. From the beginning of the 20th century to the present it is the staple and glory of American drama. HIR (pronounced here) is a prime example for the 21st century. Taylor Mac is a playwright who shows you that imagination and creativity can still breathe life into an old form. In almost the same time frame Stephen Karam is pushing the boundaries of the family drama with his The Humans. They are two very different plays, but they both show the genre still has a long life in front of it.

While British playwriting went through its revolution in the 1950s, American drama gained its in the 1960s. New emerging playwrights upended American drama including, of course, the family drama. HIR is descendent of Edward Albee, Sam Shepard, David Rabe, Mac Wellman, Christopher Durang, and from the current generation throw in for good measure some Nicky Silver and Del Shores.

Taylor Mac, in New York parlance, is a downtown artist. HIR was his first venture uptown when Playwrights Horizon produced HIR in its 42nd Street theatre in the fall 2015. Born and raised in California, Mac came to New York in 1994 to study at the American Academy of Dramatic Art. After graduation he remained in New York. Playwrights Horizon is an organization devoted to new plays by unknown playwrights and plays that deserve to be produced but are bypassed as too risky by the commercial theatre.

For more information on Mac and HIR, go to this link. Scroll down to find an interview with Mac and Tim Sanford, artistic director.

Mac’s most recent event has been the production of the staggering 21½ hour  performance of  A 24-Decade History of Popular Music covering American popular music from 1776 to 2016 presented at St. Ann’s Warehouse in Brooklyn. Mac created, starred in and designed the costumes for it. It was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in drama for the year. Wesley Morris in the New York Times, called it, “one of the great experiences of my life.” Mac will be performing it again September 2017 at San Francisco's Curran Theatre.

Playwrights Horizons’ production of HIR garnered much praise from the New York critics. Charles Isherwood in The New York Times wrote: “…[U]nless you have seen the sensational—in all senses of the word—play by Taylor Mac, you cannot consider yourself an authority on this ever enduring genre [the family drama] of American drama.” Hilton Als in The New Yorker observed, “ ‘Hir’ has a lot of ideas—necessary ideas, especially when it comes to flinging open closets in the ‘trans’ world—which spill over the edges of the play, but I wouldn’t take much out in order to make the show dramaturgically tighter or easier to absorb. The rudeness of its form is part of its power; you can’t build a clearer future without making a mess of the past.”

HIR is a family drama, kitchen sink style, for the 21st century. It is timely, topical, funny and outrageous. Mac has called his play “absurd realism.” He says he has been thinking about this play for 17 years. Little did he know that it was going to be as timely and topical as it is with the transgender character Max. The characters discuss gender, what makes a home, the patriarchal white male and the plight of the returning veteran from the war zone. While Mac pushes the dramatic limits, he also expresses ideas in an outrageously humorous turn.

Paige: Once I learned one thing, I could learn another. And pretty soon I could start coming up with my own theories, or at least theories I hadn’t heard from other people first…. This is my theory.  We all come from fish. My whole life I’m told I was made out of a rib…. But I wasn’t a rib. In actuality I was, we were all, TRANSGENDER FISH.

The question of the transgender individual can no longer be pushed under the rug, put out in the rain, or as a number of groups wish be banished from this earth. A tweet from the White House solves nothing and only causes confusion. The company for this production has learned much and discussed much both about the play and with the transgender actor Hunter McMahon. As he (or in the terms of the play, ze) said succinctly one evening: “I’m a male. I just want to pee. Why does that bother people?” We have been so fortunate to work on the play and to have the company that we have.

Springfield Contemporary Theatre’s production of HIR is the first in Missouri; Unicorn Theatre in Kansas City is slated to present it in the spring. The famed Steppenwolf Theatre in Chicago currently has performances through August 20. The publicity release from Steppenwolf says, “Don’t miss this disarmingly funny, absurd, and surprising look at a reimagined American family.”

​We hope to see you at Springfield Contemporary Theatre for performances through August 20. 

Don’t panic. I haven’t lost my senses. No connection exists between the two except in the same local time frame.

Accidental Death of an Anarchist by Dario Fo opens at Springfield Contemporary Theatre this week. Dario Fo “was an Italian actor–playwright, comedian, singer, theatre director, stage designer, songwriter, painter, political campaigner for the Italian left-wing and the recipient of the 1997 Nobel Prize in Literature…. Much of his dramatic work depends on improvisation and comprises the recovery of ‘illegitimate’ forms of theatre, such as those performed by giullari (medieval strolling players) and, more famously, the ancient Italian style of commedia dell'arte,” so starts the entry on him in Wikopedia.

Tony Mitchell in his study of Fo wrote, “[He was] arguably the most widely performed contemporary playwright in world theatre.” In a later place that statement is amended to exclude the United States. Except in university theatres and some daring regional theatres in the United States, Fo is an unknown name. When produced on Broadway in 1984 with Jonathan Price and Patti LuPone, even his most widely produced play Accidental Death of an Anarchist lasted less than two months.

Jim Assad, founding artistic director of Kansas City’s Crown Center American Heartland Theatre (now closed), opened the theatre in 1987 with Fo’s We Won’t Pay, We Won’t Pay, his second most often produced play. Assad later ruefully remarked that perhaps it was not the most opportune choice.

What was the problem? Maybe it was the mixture of commedia style and satire on Italian politics. Maybe Broadway theatre was not ready for that in the 1980s. Close in style to Fo, but not is satire, would be One Man, Two Guvnors (Broadway 2012) with James Comden, an adaptation of an 18th century commedia dell’arte play by Carlo Goldoni. Fo is certainly a descendant of Goldoni. Maybe it is time to revive Dario Fo.
Fo comes from a country where for years politics has been scandalous and outrageous; maybe satire on the situation comes naturally. We are getting a taste of such politics now in this country. Maybe time for Fo’s style has come for us. Can our playwrights pick up where Fo leaves off and be specific to our situation? Can our contemporary playwrights follow in the steps of Barbara Garson’s 1967 play MacBird that twisted the Kennedy assassination and Johnson ascension to the presidency onto the plot of Macbeth? Can our contemporary playwrights manage to equal or surpass what the nightly talk-show hosts are already doing on a nightly basis?
 
SHE LOVES ME
 
Music, Jerry Bock; lyrics, Sheldon Harnick; book, Joe Masteroff

This was the first production of MSU’s Summer Tent Theatre in its 55th season.

She Loves Me is based on a Hungarian play known in English as Parfumerie (1937) by Miklos Laszlo who fled the Nazis in 1938 to come to the United States. The play was adapted into the 1940 film The Shop Around the Corner with Jimmy Stewart, Margaret Sullivan and Frank Morgan. In 1949 it became a film with songs In the Good Old Summertime with Judy Garland, Van Johnson and S. Z, Sakall. (That film is famous for its scene with Garland and Johnson walking with a young child who was Liza Minelli.)  In 1963 it became a Broadway musical but ran less than a year. It was produced and directed by Harold Prince with choreography by Carol Haney. In its cast were Barbara Cook, Daniel Massey, Barbara Baxley and Jack Cassidy.

This production might be seen as a launching pad for its creative team. Within the year Bock and Harnick wrote Fiddler on the Roof; by 1966 Joe Masteroff wrote the book for Cabaret that was produced and directed by Harold Prince.

For a musical that was mildly successful in its original Broadway production, it became a favorite for theatres all across the country. It has also received two Broadway revivals, 1993 and 2016. Part of that early success is due to the original Broadway cast record album that became a cult favorite.

It is a well-constructed strong book musical with distinct characters. It is not a big musical with really only one splashy production number that can be tailored to the abilities of the theatre company.  It’s a bit sweet and sentimental that can be kept in check by the director. The songs are strong and melodic with one outstanding number in “Vanilla Ice Cream” that led to a nickname of “The Ice Cream Musical.”

When Barbara Cook started her cabaret career (see an earlier blog), she often included “Vanilla Ice Cream” in her list of songs for the evening. She would introduce it by calling it “the perfect theatre song.” It is an excellent example of what a song should do in a strong-book musical. The character begins in one place, and during the course of the song she discovers truths about herself that lead her to new decisions. Also, the story is at Point A and by the end of the song it has progressed to Point B.

Tent Theatre first presented She Love Me in 1970. SCT did a production in 1998. Drury University produced it three-four years ago. It has been a welcomed visitor on the Springfield scene.

She Loves Me holds up well and remains an audience favorite.

Beehive the ‘60’s Musical , a revue of the songs made famous by the female singers of the 1960s. is the current production at Springfield Contemporary Theatre. It includes such songs as “I’m Sorry,” “To Sir with Love,” “Where the Boys Are” and many others. In a broad sense a revue is a collection of songs, dances, sketches, usually comic, staged for an evening of entertaining. Most revues have little to no narration.

The Minstrel show, America’s first original, native-born theatrical entertainment was a revue. It started in the 1830s-1840s, evolved into a formal structure, and remained popular throughout the 19th century. It was replaced by vaudeville, but continued in various forms until the 1960s. I remember Silas Green from New Orleans coming to my hometown in Tennessee in the mid-1950s. The boat come up the Mississippi, turned into the Cumberland River and played towns along the way. The boat landed, unloaded its equipment, paraded through town to the location where the tent was erected.  It was not a true minstrel show in that it had stock characters and a slight story line, but it included minstrelsy elements in the performance. The Kiwanis Civic Club in Springfield presented an annual production of a minstrel show until the mid-1960s.
Most of the productions in Branson are a form of a musical revue.

The great heyday of Broadway revues was from the late 19th century until the 1930s. They were called such names as Follies, Scandals, Gaities or just Revue, such as Music Box Revue. These were usually in editions, newly created every year or two. Most of them were highly extravagant with hundreds of costumes, many sets and top talent. The material was created afresh for the particular edition. Many of the musical composers of the early half of the 20th century received their start writing songs for one of these revues. The top comedians from vaudeville and other circuit shows made their way into one of these Broadway revues, then musicals; eventually to radio, Hollywood films and early television. The depression finished off these kinds of theatrical productions.

Non-narrative musical productions continue to be popular down to the present. These days they are usually organized around some kind of a theme, the songs of a particular composer or the musical of a particular era. One of the more unusual revues was Jerome Robbins’ Broadway (1989), consisting of productions numbers from musicals that Robbins had either directed and/or choreographed.  It won the Tony that year as the Best Musical.

In the past 22 seasons Springfield Contemporary Theatre has presented the following revues:
2016 Jerry’s Girls (Songs of Jerry Herman)
2015 The Marvelous Wonderettes (Songs from Girl Groups of the 1950s-60s)
2014 Ain’t Misbehaving (Songs of Fats Waller)
2013 Rodgers & Hart, A Celebration
         Holiday Carol (Christmas music)
2008 Jacques Brel Is Alive and Well and Living in Paris
         Tintypes (Songs and sketches from the turn of the 19th-20th century)
2006 Swing Time Canteen (Songs from the World War II era)
2005 I Love You, You’re Perfect, Now Change (Sketches and songs about marital relationships; original material and lyrics, Joe DiPietro; music, Jimmy Roberts)
2004 Showtunes (Songs of Jerry Herman)
2003 From Berlin to Broadway with Kurt Weill
         Stephen Sondheim’s Putting It Together
2002 All Night Strut (blues, bebop, jazz music from 1930s-40s)
1999 Starting Here, Starting Now (Songs of Richard Maltby and David Shire)
1998 The World Goes Round (Songs of Kander and Ebb)
1997 Broadway Montage (Songs from the golden age of musical comedy)
1996 A Grand Night for Singing (Songs of Rodgers and Hammerstein)
           
​ A later blog will deal with jukebox musicals and what is the difference.

Four musicals have been nominated for the Tony Award, Best Musical: Come From Far Away, Dear Evan Hansen, Groundhog Day, Natasha, Pierre and the Great Comet of 1812. Two of them we have seen; the others opened since we were last in New York. All four seem stronger and more interesting musicals than has been true in some past years.
 
DEAR EVAN HANSEN

Music, lyrics, Benji Pasek, Justin Paul; book, Steven Levenson; scenery, David Kirins; costumes, Emily Rebholz; lights, Japhy Weidman; sound, Nevin Steinberg; projections, Peter Nigrini; choreography, Danny Mefford; direction, Michael Greif

Cast: Ben Platt, Laura Dreyfuss, Rachel Bay Jones, Jennifer Laura Thompson, Mike Faist, Michael Park, Will Roland, Kristolyn Lloyd. Currently playing at the Music Box Theatre

The musical was first produced in Washington, D.C. and then off-Broadway before officially opening on Broadway in December 2016. It received highly positive notices from the critics. Especially high praise was given to Ben Platt, playing the title character. He still seems to be the favorite for a Tony for Leading Male in a Musical. Dear Evan Hansen also differs from where a majority of musicals begin-- it is not based on, adapted from, inspired by…. It is a totally original story.

The scenery is a series of sliding panels and hanging scrims changing constantly with  projections that remind you of tablets and phones with postings on Facebook or some other social media. Social Media (collective) becomes a character in itself. Our first view of insecure, shy, lonely Evan Hansen is seeing him lying on his bed with his tablet. He is composing his daily pep letter to himself that his therapist has recommended that he write. While in the school computer room where Evan is printing out the letter, it is snatched from him by the school bully Connor Murphy who stuffs it into his pocket. That night with no explanation Connor commits suicide. In his pocket his parents find the letter. It is immediately assumed that Evan must have befriended Connor, and this was a letter of gratitude. Evan cannot reveal the truth to the parents who are desperate to find some good in their son. Evan is also attracted to Connor’s sister Zoe, and his growing relationship with her parents only brings him closer to her. Evan’s nerd friends pick up on the story and send it out to the world. One friend establishes a fund in Connor’s name, and Evan is persuaded to give a speech to honor Connor and raise funds. Evan becomes a hero. He is seduced by the fame and attention even as he knows that Mephisto is taking his soul. The story swirls bigger and bigger and out of control. Even as it all comes crashing down, the ending makes clear that while consequences must be paid, all will make it through, be healed and be stronger.

Evan Hansen is entertaining, often funny, engaging, fast moving and never boring. As you are leaving the theatre, you begin to realize insights into the seemingly uncontrollable problems of a world more and more dominated by “social media.”

TIME (March 20, 2017) published an Essay: The Pursuit of Happy-ish by Susanna Schrobsdorff. The headline read: “Dear Evan Hansen, thanks for finding us. We’ve been waiting for a musical like you.” The opening paragraph reads: Dear Evan Hansen is a heart-scorching musical, about a teen boy so bound up by anxiety and loneliness that he makes mistakes he can’t fix and gets stuck in the quicksand of social-media adulation. But eventually, he finds a way to leave self-loathing behind. It’s also about parents reaching for their kids as they disappear into their phones and laptops. And it’s about the struggle to connect in an era when it seems as if we’re all awash in emotional hyperbole online and off.” She concludes the essay with what theatre is all about: “…[T]he intensity of Evan Hansen is in an old-school interactive experience in which you show up in person and sit very close to whomever you came with. If you’re there with your child, you can sense the way he or she is reacting to what’s happening on stage. Your kid will know when you hold your breath, or let a sob slip out. It’s a visceral exchange, one that feels primal and rare.”

If only every child in American could have a similar experience, and one so meaningful as that of attending Dear Evan Hansen.

[Addendum: On June 11, 2017, Dear Evan Hansen won the Broadway Tony Award for Best Musical.]
 
BARBARA COOKLast week Adam LeGrant, son of Barbara Cook, singer nonpareil, announced his mother was retiring. After all she is 89, and not in good health. Everyone knew it was coming sometime shortly, but it was with greatest regret that we now heard that the news was real. To hear her in person was an extraordinary experience. We never saw her during her Broadway ingénue days (Cunegonde, Candide; Marian the Librarian, The Music Man;  Amalia, She Loves Me, plus others).

By the late1960s she crashed and burned suffering from depression, alcoholism, and obesity. She had become unemployable and was known as being a drunk. Wally Harper, composer, music arranger, pianist/accompanist, met her in the early70s and convinced her that she had another career as a solo performer. A Carnegie Hall concert came in 1975, and her new career was launched. Wally Harper remained her artistic partner until his death in 2004. As extraordinary and acclaimed as that concert was, the everyday grind is another story. During those early years she made a number of appearances at Reno Sweeney on 13th Street, a bar with a small showroom, maybe seating 50 people. It was a shock to see this large woman appear and to realize that this was Barbara Cook. Weight was to be a problem that she has never overcome and one source of her immobility. She has said that she has not had a drink since 1977.

Lou and I have taken every chance to hear her from her days at Reno Sweeney to our last time when she was at Feinstein’s at the Regency, Christmas 2011. By some miracle all that abuse she gave her body did little to affect the voice. It darken some and a few top notes were gone, but the lyric purity and silvery sound were still there. Her interpretative powers have only increased. Every word, every note, every phrase has been filled with meaning, intent and emotion. She takes you on a journey with the arc of every song. You may think you know a song, but she will give you an insight that had not occurred to you earlier.

Once at Reno Sweeney in her patter with the audience, she mentioned “Glitter and Be Gay” (Candide). The audience burst into applause. She said, “Oh, no. Never again.” She kept in her repertory, “Ice Cream” (She Loves Me). She considers it to be the “perfect” Broadway musical song. (That would be the “strong book” musical. The song tells you about the character Amalia and explores and moves the storyline along. The audience has learned something about the character, and the storyline has been developed.) Although she originated none of the musicals of Sondheim, she became known as one of the greatest interpreters of his complex and technically demanding songs.

By 2011 at Feinstein’s she had become more guarded about some of those top notes, but every song was still a jewel. To be in the same room with her was a rapturous experience. The audience was in rapt attention and breathed with her. At the end of the performance the room darkened, then the lights came back up. She was still standing on stage. She announced that usually this was the time when the performer would go off stage and then come scurry back to give an encore. She said: “Let’s just pretend all that has happened. Now I’ll do the encores.” As I remember, she did two. As far as the audience was concerned, she could have done twenty. At the conclusion she was helped down the three steps to floor level and through the audience to the “backstage.” Her frailties only made the experience more precious. The audience stood, applauded, cheered, and whatever other approbation might be appropriate.

For all that constitutes facts on Cook, see www.barbaracook.com/bio. For all that is personal (open and frank) with marvelous insights into performing and singing, see her autobiography Then & Now: a Memoir, published in 2016.

Her discography is long--how fortunate we are. Three DVDs that show her performing are: The New York Philharmonic Concert of Sondheim’s Follies; Sondheim on Sondheim, a revue that brought her back to the Broadway stage for the first time in 23 years; Barbara Cook, Mostly Sondheim, a videorecording of the concert she gave at the Kennedy Center (2002). It includes as a bonus a master class that she gave during that time.

You Tube includes many examples

The Robber Bridegroom opens at Springfield Contemporary Theatre this week. It has book and lyrics by Alfred Uhry with music by Donald Waldman, based on the novella of the same name by Eudora Welty (1942).
Alfred Uhry was born in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1936, graduated from Brown University and moved to New York to write plays. He attended a lyrics writing workshop and came to the attention of Frank Loesser who granted him a stipend to work on developing musicals. After a number of unsuccessful musicals, he adapted Welty’s novella and wrote the lyrics. He asked Donald Waldman, with whom he had earlier worked on an unsuccessful musical, to write the music. It was given a workshop production where it was seen by John Houseman at that time the head and founder of the Drama Division at Julliard.

(We will return to Alfred Uhry again as he is the author of Driving Miss Daisy to be presented at SCT in November.)

In 1972 John Houseman had formed a non-profit touring company The Acting Company made up of the graduates of the first class to graduate from Julliard. The company mounted two to three productions a year and presented them in repertory touring the United State. The Acting Company became a permanent organization consisting of new graduates from Julliard and other leading theatre schools touring across the United States.

After securing the rights for The Robber Bridegroom, the Acting Company presented it in summer 1975 at the Saratoga Performing Arts Center in Saratoga Springs, New York, and then at the Ravinia Festival in  Chicago. The Acting Company performed it at the Harkness Theatre in New York for 15 performances in October 1975, before going out on tour. The major roles in that production were Kevin Kline (Jamie), Patti LuPone (Rosamund), Mary Lou Rosatto (Salome). The limited run was so successful that Houseman secured investors to mount a new Broadway production that opened in October 1976 at the Biltmore Theatre. The leading roles were played by Barry Bostwick (Jamie), Rhonda Coullet (Rosamond), Barbara Lang (Salome). Bostwick had become a Broadway leading man being Danny Zuko in the original production of Grease; then Brad Majors in The Rocky Horror Show. (He later repeated the Majors role in the film version.) For The Robber Bridgroom he won the Tony for Best Actor in a Musical in 1977. It ran 145 performances and then went on a national tour. The director was Gerald Freedman and choreographer Donald Saddler.

In 2016 the Roundabout Theatre Company mounted a production of The Robber Bradegroom in its off-Broadway theatre, the Laura Pels. The leading roles were played by Steven Pasquale (Jamie), Ahna O’Reilly (Rosamund), Leslie Kritzer (Salome). The director was Alex Timbers and choreographer Connor Gallagher. Of this production Ben Brantley in the New York Times wrote, [It] “suggests a classic European folk story reimagined by Charles Addams and staged by the Grand Ole Opry.”

In Springfield, Missouri State University’s Tent Theatre has produced The Robber Bridegroom twice: 1994 directed by Jack Parkhurst, and 1978 directed by Dennis Warning.

Dennis Warning graduated from the SMS (MSU) theatre program in 1972. The previous summer in Tent Theatre (the first summer in repertory staging) he played the Narrator in The Apple Tree and in HMS Pinafore he was Sir Joseph Porter—he of “his sisters, and his cousins and his aunts.” By the way Tess Harper was also in that production as one the sisters, cousin, aunts.”

Dennis’s first Broadway production was the 1976 The Robber Bridegroom in which he was cast in the chorus/townspeople. In 1978 Dennis proposed that he return to Tent to direct and choreograph a production of The Robber Bridegroom. On the national tour he had been the male swing, thus knowing all the male choreography. He would meet with the individual who was the female swing, and she would teach him all that choreography. Also, he would speak to Mr. Saddler about the project. In the program we gave credit: “Based on the original choreography of Donald Saddler.”

While Dennis was in rehearsal, I used to slip in the back of the rehearsal space to watch. When he would realize that the cast was not going to get the intricacies of the choreography in the time scheduled for rehearsals, he would figure out how to simplify but keep the essence of a step or move. In those last rehearsals before opening, he would proudly tell me that he had been able to slip that step or move back into the dance. The cast had worked to a level that they were now able to handle it. Discipline with the younger cast members frustrated him. “Why are they just sitting out there, talking? They could be working on their lyrics or dance movements.”  He was patient with but set high acting expectations. He explained clearly the acting choices, but let the individuals explore what was happening. The cast obviously “loved” him.  A few of the individuals, but unfortunately not most, had little inkling what an experience they were being given. Dennis had a wonderful summer, and friends from New York and former classmates came in to see the production.

Of the 53 seasons of Tent Theatre, I’ve missed seeing only eight productions. Of all those productions, including the 32 I directed, the 1978 The Robber Bridegroom is in my Tent’s all-time top ten favorites
Dennis died in the mid-80s—far too young.

Jamie Lockhart in that Tent production was played by Michael Quinn. He completed both the BA and MA programs in theatre with us. He was admitted to the Ph.D. program at Stanford University. Upon completing it, he took a teaching position at the University of Washington. In the mid-1990s he was diagnosed with a rare and incurable disease. He died leaving a wife and two young children.
​
Dennis and Michael, gone, but still remembered.


Addenda
May 20, 2017

1. Correction: The Robber Bridegroom (1976) opened for eight weeks at the Mark Taper Forum, Los Angeles, before moving to Broadway. No tour followed after the Broadway production closed.
2. The 1976 cast went into the recording studio and a vinyl LP original cast album was released. Barry Bostwick was the producer. When the CD of the LP album was released, it had six bonus tracks. It seems that a “story theatre” version of the musical was discussed and additional songs were written. It never was developed., but the songs were recorded at the time of the original cast album. Two of the tracks are solos performances by Dennis Warning.
3. The largest role performed by Warning on Broadway was Herman in a revival production of The Most Happy Fella (1979 with Giorgio Tozzi). Herman sings “Standing on the Corner” as part of the quartet, and “Big D” opposite Cleo. Unfortunately the production did not last long on Broadway--59 performances. It was videorecorded by PBS on the out-of-town tour on the way to Broadway. It was shown at least twice in 1980. A commercial release was never made, but DVD copies exist. If you hunt around, you might find one. 

Springfield Little Theatre at the Landers opens a production of Jesus Christ Superstar this week. The original productions in New York and London were vastly different from each other.

JCS was actually the first produced musical by Andrew Lloyd Webber and Tim Rice. The two had in the mid-1960s written some songs and one musical that was not produced. Then they received a commission to write a cantata for London’s Colet Court School. They chose as the subject Joseph and his cloak of many colors. They wrote enough songs to fill 20 minutes and then kept adding to them. They decided to make a concept record album, and it became a best seller. The basic sound was late 60s British rock with calypso, country, pop and few others thrown in for good measure.  On the basis of the success of that album, they wrote a single song “Superstar” that was released and became highly successful. The recording company asked that they develop a concept album that became Jesus Christ Superstar and was released in 1969.

The concept album was a dud in England but was a great seller in the US. For that reason Robert Stigwood in 1971 decided to produce Jesus Christ Superstar in New York first. The original director was Frank Corsaro, but he became injured in a automobile accident and had to withdraw. The hottest director in New York at that time was Tim O’Horgan. He had been the director for the Broadway production of Hair that he turned into sensation with the critics and public and a box office smash. He then created Lenny, a multimedia production about the comedian Lenny Bruce--another smash.

O’Horgan’s approach to JCS was similar to what he had done with Hair. He saw the work as a phantasmagoria, much like Hair. His direction and the work of the visual artists carried that approach through.  It would be an over-the-top production. As the music started to play, the entire up stage wall began to slide down to the floor and cover it. It now revealed a huge cross hanging on the permanent up stage wall. The staging was hyperkinetic, and the sound was loud. It was one of the early Broadway musicals to use body mics, and the cast made a business of tossing the microphones around to each other. The crucifixion went beyond all boundaries. After Jesus was placed on the cross, it slowly began to be propelled on a forward thrust straight downstage toward the audience until it nearly reached the edge of the stage. The production was electric, exciting, excessive and vulgar (in the original meaning). It became a box office sensation but only for a few months. It did not manage to make it to its second anniversary.

When a production is a hit in either London or New York, the usual custom is that it is then replicated with the original director in the other city. The cast may or may not make the move. Both Lloyd Webber and Rice hated the New York production. They made sure that it would be a different production with a different director in London.

The London mounting was much simpler with platforms and curtains (and maybe projections). My first impression was that it was a staged oratorio. While the chorus had costumes, they were staged more like an oratorio chorus. They did enter and exit, but did not have much interaction with the characters. All the characters’ songs were fully staged. The production became a sensation in England and ran for more than eight years. It became the longest running musical in London’s history until it was surpassed by another the musical that Lloyd Webber wrote when he became king of the poperetta.

In 1969 The Who wrote and performed a concert work Tommy that they called a “rock opera.” With the success of JCS the way opened for more rock-operas, works that eschewed dialogue in favor of more songs.
There is an irony here. The original production of Hair, produced at the Public Theatre by Joseph Papp, was directed by Frank Corsaro. After the limited run concluded, Papp made a mistake that he never made again. He sold the rights for Hair, and it made history when it moved to Broadway transformed by Tim O’Horgan. The intended original director for JCS was Corsaro, but he had to withdraw. He was replaced by O’Horgan who then transformed JCS.  Corsaro was a noted director for both plays and operas. He probably would have been a better director for the work that Lloyd Webber and Rice envisioned.

For interesting material on and an excellent analysis of Jesus Christ, Superstar, see the chapter on it in Scott Miller’s From Assassins To West Side Story; the Director’s Guide to Musical Theatre. In fact, for anyone interested in musical theatre all the books by Scott Miller are fascinating reading.

After the successful reception for Jesus Christ Superstar, it was decided Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat could be given a fully mounted stage production. The Young Vic in London did so first, and then in 1973 with additional songs it was given in London’s West End and on Broadway in 1982.
This is the third time that Springfield Little Theatre has mounted a production of Jesus Christ Superstar. A touring company with Ted Neeley (Jesus in the film version) in his farewell appearance in the role was presented at Juanita K. Hammons Hall.